TASK 2B.

TASK 2B.

DRUG ADDICTION : ITS NEGATIVE EFFECTS TOWARDS OUR ECONOMY

Everything have their own pros and contras . Drug,which can be called as a ‘miracle’ in medical field due to its sedative effects,has been abused for donkey years. The latest news about this issue is that an average of 55 new cases was detected every day. Public has already been informed about the bad effects of drug abuse on health and society but, they do not realize that this problem will affect Malaysians’ economy as well. This essay will discuss about the negative impacts of drug abuse on economy.

The most obvious thing is that government has been spending too much for rehabilitating drug addicts. By 2004, the number of drug addicts in this country was nearly 1 million and this number is still increasing until now. To handle this worrying issue , there are almost 30 rehabilitation centers or ‘pusat serenti’ were built by government .Unfortunately,in order to run the centers, it costs money to the government, and the money of government is the money of people who do not abuse the drug use. They struggle to pay taxes without realizing that a huge amount of their money is spent on drug addicts who often commit crimes and give trouble to them.

Other than that, by spending too much to tackle the problem, the government has been investing on something that do not give any profits. Recently ,National Drug Agency(AADK) has registered more than 300 000 drug addicts in its drug fight. Government had spent Rm 70 million for Harm Reduction Program for drug addicts that have HIV and AIDS .The bad thing is, as we know, drug addicts usually cannot change their bad habit easily. They end up entering and go out of the rehabilitation centers for repeatedly. They do not contribute anything to our economy at all. In fact, drug addicts spend about Rm 1800 to Rm 1500 to buy drug, contributing to the sum of Rm 2 million a year. On what basis do government has to waste for them. If the drug addicts had spent the money for starting a business or in increasing their productivity in their works, they might have contributed something to economy. Unfortunately, they did not do so.

Besides, the wasted money should be spent for other needs. Government has spent almost Rm 500 million per year for organizing campaigns and programs for drug addicts. The money supposedly spent for the charity of underprivileged children and poor families in this country. If the money is spent to help people in Gaza, more innocent lives can be saved. This is better rather than helping those ungrateful drug addicts. Taxes that have been paid by public should be used to enhance the quality of public facilities. For instance, government can provides more buses and trains as there are a lot of complains regarding to the lack of these two public transportation.

In the nutshell, it can be concluded that the programs for drug addicts show no progress and are full of uncertainty about the effectiveness. Malaysians’ economy has been affected greatly without gaining any benefit. Government should re-plan the way the money is handled. People may wonder about what will happen to drug addicts if government is no longer wants to help them. Actually, government should reduce the budget for tackling the drug abuse and use the money on beneficial things. Rehabilitating a drug addicts is good but, helping those who are really in need is more important.

By,

FAEIZAH AYUNI BT JAMIL

The effect of sport industry towards local economy.

The economies of the countries all over the world are not always stable that is why the government always look out for the new source of economy, the same situation goes to our beloved country; Malaysia. Nowadays, we can see that people are tend to attract more towards the sport events such as biking, marathon, swimming and other sport activities. The local economy gets some income with the entire sport event that being held in our country through the sport industries also known as sport business.

The sports business means many different things to different people. This is a truly global industry, and sports stir up deep passion within spectators and players alike in countries around the world. To business people, sports provide a lucrative and continually growing marketplace worthy of immense investments. Business people gain profit through the sport industry, which is the manufacturing of sport related goods, services and ideas with the combination of sport activities, mass media and politics.

In order to be a developed country as same as Western countries, Malaysia had to organize more sport event in a year. This would increase the economy through the sport tourism which is attracting people all over the world to attend the event that being organize not only by Ministry of Sport, also by private sport company. When the foreign tourists come to see the sport event in our Malaysia there will be currency exchange, which is gives benefits towards our economy, this is because usually other country has higher currency than ours that is why it can improve our country.

Moreover, despite the presence of local raw materials and manpower, the manufacturing of local sporting goods also gives major impact towards our economy. For example every two year our country organize Sukma sport, and of course there will be merchandise for those who are interested, this is one of the way how the money flow in sport industries. Furthermore, local sporting goods also give profit to the economy because the manufacturing fees is usually lower than selling price, this is due to the low salary that have being given to those who work at the plants manufacturing the goods.

To sum up, with this, government should give the sport industry an opportunity to broaden their business. It is undeniable that sport industries also contribute to raise the local economy.

done by:

Nur Hidayah bt Mohamed Faudzi

103517

The Effects Of Productions Of Sugars On Malaysia's Economy

Malaysia is a net sugar importing country. In 1995, imports of raw sugar reached a record 1.0 million tones, while exports were 101 000 tones. Increasing quantities of sugar have had to be meet rising demand and compensate for the stagnant domestic production. In recent years, sugar is one of Malaysia's largest agricultural imports, with annual sugar imports valued at between US$200 to 300 million.

Since 1st of January, Malaysia sugar price increased from RM1.45 to RM1.65 per kilo in Peninsular Malaysia and RM1.75 in East Malaysia. Our government was still maintaining a subsidy of RM0.80 per kilo. However,many people said that one day our government would remove the sugar subsidy in order to minimize the amount of sugar intake and meanwhile reduce the diabetic cases in our country.

Sugars is one of the most important ingredient to put in our food to make the food tastes more sweeter. Sometimes people use too many sugars to make the food more delicious. Too sweets may lead to many kind of diseases such as diabetic disease. Government is trying to minimize the sugar intake for the country's economy will be affected. The government need to find other solutions to heal diabetics patients and this will costs too high.

Besides that, sugars is used widely in whole wide world and of course in our country too. Too many intake of sugars force us to produce more sugars. Too many requests on sugars force the government to import more sugars from other countries. And of course this will affect our economy. To "heal" our country's economy, we have to reduce the intake of sugars and this will give a lot of benefits that is not only to us but also to our country.

In a nutshell, too many intakes of sugars may cause many disadvantages,not only to us but also to our country's economy. To prevent this, we should reduce the amount of sugar intake in order to "heal" and raise our economy.

by:

adlin nadia

The Effect of the Production of Paper to the Environment

In this recent day, the production of paper increase in our world in order to fulfil consumer needs. Paper are used more than before in schooling, office works and for the production of newspaper. It contributes highly in economy, but if we not control it properly, it can affect our environment.

As we all know, paper is made up from wood. When many trees are cutting down to produce paper, our earth’s temperature going to increase and it is lead to global warming. Global warming are very dangerous because it can affect our health like cause irritation to our skin or skin cancer. Besides that, when global warming happened, ice will melt at North and South Pole, so that the level of water will increase. That’s why we should control the production of paper, eventhough it will not effect our economy.

Furthermore, the production of paper without control will cause landslide. The landslide happened because the structure of the ground is not closely packed to support buildings when many trees are cutting down especially to produce newspaper. For instance, Bukit Antarabangsa was collapsed next year because of illegal deforestation and many people were died in the tragedy.

In addition to that, paper productions will cause river become shallower. It is because, when the trees are destroyed especially on top of the hill, the structure of the ground going to be loose. When rain is coming, some of the ground from on top of the hill will roll down into river. When the river is shallow, flood is easy to happen. The flood will damage victim belongings. Thus, the victim need more finance to repair their belongings.

In a nutshell, the production of paper without control gives more disadvantages than advantages. Government should take this problem seriously because it can affect our earth, not just to raise our economy.

Written by:

Nurul Afiqah Bt Mohd Rosdi

103878

Group 21

The Effect of Production of Natural Rubber to Economy

The world economy as well as in Malaysia has the ups and downs.There are many factors that can cause to those ups and downs.When the economy is stable,all things will flow smoothly but when the economy goes down,many problems will arise.Production of rubber always give many effects to the world economy because the production of natural rubber is not syncronised year by year.There are three factors that causes this ; the demand from the companies,the price and the economy itself.

First,the production of natural rubber depends on the demand or the needs from big company such as from company that produce tyre,slipper or even raincoat.There are many company that needs natural rubber to make their products.Usually there are stable needs because the companies always need the natural rubber to produce their products.

Next,the second factor will be the price.The price for natural rubber always increase and decrease.If the price increase,it will drastically increase and the same goes when the price falls.When this thing happen,the economy will become unstable and hard to predict.Futhermore,when the price is low,the production of natural rubber will exceed the limit and wasted.

Last but not least,is the factor of economy.The world economy affect the production of natural rubber.When the world economy is at stable or increase,the production of natural rubber also will be stable but when the economy is bad,the production of natural rubber also will be low.

In a nut shell,the production of natural rubber do effect the economy as its price are not consistent and changeable due to different factors.So,in order to stabilise the economy,we have to stabilise the production of natural rubber also.

-NUR HANANI BT A.HAMID

-103483

-SEC 21 GROUP 3

COMPARE AND CONTRAST: FAN AND AIR CONDITIONER

In this technology era, there are many types of air conditioners created to replace fan as a cooling agent. For your information, James and John Hunter invented the ceiling fan in 1886, while modern air conditioner first made in 1902 by William Carrier.

First and foremost, there are differences between air conditioner and fan about climate. Obviously,air conditioner is used in country that have hot weather such as Malaysia, South East Country and others. Meanwhile, fan usually used in country that have moderate climate like China. Thus, the uses of fan and air conditioner are depends on the climate factor whether it is hot or vice versa.

Besides that, the other differences between air conditioner and fan is its advantages. Air conditioner wil keep the temperature to normal level. Air conditioner also control the humidity in the temperature and provide satisfactory, adequate freshening and ventilation. It also can purify the air where the dust will be filtered. The advantages of fan is it is cheap, limits the AC needs, lower energy efficiency and the most important is it has a long-life span.

On the other hand, fan and air conditioner also have their disadvantages. Air conditioner used high electric power, high cost needed and it also release chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gas that can lead to global warming which can be harmful to people. Fan also have their disadvantages which is it can be easily damaged, not cool enough for people who lived in hot weather country and does not filter air.

Furthermore, they also have differences in affordability. Air conditiner is usually used by high social class of people in developed country such as in Singapore and Japan. This is due to the price of the air conditioner that may reach thousands dollars. While fan is always used by people from moderate class such as in Africa, Myanmar and Indonesia.

As a conclusion, both air conditioner and fan have their advantages and disadvantges, but we would prefer fan more than air conditioner because it will cost us less and already suiable to be used in this country.


Prepared by:
1) Nur Hanani Binti A. Hamid
2) Nurul Afiqah Binti Mohd Rosdi
3) Adlin Nadia Binti Mohd Sidek

TASK 2B - COMPARE AND CONTRAST: SQUAT TOILET VS. SEAT TOILET

If someone tells you that he is ‘going to spend a penny’ or is going to ‘the smallest room in the house’, can you understand what he means? The answer is toilet. Toilet is a

fundamental need in our life. Basically, there are two types of toilet; squat toilet and seat toilet. This essay will discuss about the historical backgrounds of both toilet, their advantages and disadvantages.

During ancient Egypt, only rich people and proper bathrooms and toilets in their houses. The toilet seats for the rich people were made of limestone while poor people made theirs using wooden stool with a hole in it. At that time, there was a container filled with sand underneath of the seat which needed to be emptied by hand. For wealthy people, their slaves would do this dirty job for them. Meanwhile, in middle ages, toilets were simply pits in the ground with wooden seats over them. In the middle of 19th century, only royalty and the disabled used chair like toilets. Therefore, the throne-like water closet was invented for the use of ordinary people. That was the beginning of squat toilet.

Both toilet have their own advantages. Seat toilet seems more relaxing and saves energy, however, squat toilet has more benefits than it. Even though, someone will use a lot of energy to squat, but actually, this makes eliminating faster, easier and complete. By squatting, we use thighs to support the colon and prevent straining. Chronic straining on the toilet can cause hernia diverticulitis and pelvic organ prolapse. Besides, a pregnant woman is advised to use squat toilet. This is because squatting avoid pressure on the uterus when using the toilet and prevent her from harming her foetus. Moreover, daily squatting helps prepare one for a more natural delivery. According to a clinical study published by an Iranian radiologist, Dr. Saeed Rad in April 2002, squatting leads to complete evacuation. He measured the angle where the end of the rectum joins the anal canal. He found that when someone uses sitting toilet, the average of 132 degrees when he uses squat toilet. At times it reached 180 degrees, the pathway is perfectly straight and complete bowel elimination is achieved.

Everything have their pros and cons. So do toilets. When we are sitting on the toilet seat, the valve of elimination is unsupported and often leaks during evacuation and contaminating the small intestine. The small angle of bend during sitting forces us to strain a lot. This cause the elimination felt ‘incomplete’, in the sitting position. Although, Dr. Saeed Rad concluded that the use of the squat toilet is more comfortable and efficient method of bowel evacuation than the sitting toilet, but squatting for a long time can cause pile that also known as hemorrhoids and cramp.

In the nutshell, Prophet’s sunnahs while doing elimination can only be followed if we use squat toilet. As the effectiveness of squat toilet has been proven scientifically, this shows that squat toilet is far better than seat toilet.

DONE BY:

FAEIZAH AYUNI BT JAMIL & NUR HIDAYAH BT MOHAMED FAUDZI

LIFE BEFORE AND AFTER THE INVENTION OF FAST FOOD

In 1902, ready-made meals were sold in coin-operated machine in a cafe called Horn&Hardart's Automat in Philadelphia,and then,ten years later in New York.This was the beginning of modern fast food.Started in 1948,McDonald's is the biggest fast-food restaurant chain ever,selling a limited menu of cheap and quick food.Invention of fast food brings a lot of changes in our life.

The most obvious advantage of fast foods is it save time.Before fast foods are invented,people need to buy a lot of ingredients to cook.They need to go to market and prepare very early to make sure that the food can be served on time,but now,things change.The simple preparation of fast foods helps a lot as life nowadays is too busy and hectic.Therefore,ones can spend their time on other activities instead of wasting their time to prepare meals.The invention of fast foods lead to construction of many fast food restaurants and outlets.As a result,more job vacancies are available such as waiters and cashiers.

Invention of fast food also gives us many disadvantages.Lifestyle before the existence of fast food is far healthier.Before,mothers use fresh vegetables and unprocessed meat to prepare their meals.By this way,their children gain enough nutrients to maintain their health.Meanwhile,most of fast foods nowadays have lost their origin nutrients due to freezing and pasteurization.Furthermore,usually many preservatives and colourings are used to enhance their taste and appearance which can harm our health.

Presence of unsaturated fat and high cholesterol content in fast foods worsen this situation.Excessive cholesterol will be stored in a form of fat under human skin.This lead to overweight and obesity.Furthermore,as unsaturated fat cannot be digested by human body, it may get stuck in blood capillaries and cause hypertension,heart attack,and even stroke.Automatically,people that live before invention of fast food has longer life span.

In addition,besides causing higher dumping of rubbish and littering of plastics and polystyrene,fast food costs more than cooked food.For instance,we can buy many types of fresh foods using the same amount of money we use to buy an instant pizza.

In a nutshell,fast foods might benefit us, but it give more harm to our life.Taking longer time to cook food is far better than to have shorter life span.Think about it....

NATURE: THE DANGERS OF WATER POLLUTION TOWARDS LIVING THINGS AND ECONOMY

Do you know that water covers 70% of the earth's surface? Coincidentally, 70% of human body also made up of water. These show that water is a major need in our life. Unfortunately, this valuable gift has been polluted cruelly by human being, without realizing that they are engendering themselves by doing so. There are many dangers of water pollution to all living things and economy.

Living things especially human are most endangered by the dumping of industrial waste into the seas. This is because most of industrial waste contain a lot of hazardous chemical substances.One of them is called Asbestos.This substance is carcinogenic and may lead to serious health problems.If a person drinks water that contain Asbestos or inhale it's fibers, he may suffer from Asbestosis, a type of lung diseases.Other than that, this substance also can cause intestinal and liver cancer. Mercury and lead are common contents in industrial waste.If we took a drink or a food that contains mercury, it can lead to mercury poisoning and inhibit the action of bodily enzymes and even can cause death.

Oil spill can be catastrophic to local marine wild life.On 24th May 2010, the whole world was shocked by the enormous oil spill from British Petroleum(BP), one of the most well known oil company.Seabirds and penguins are always be the main victims of oil spills where they get all caught in oil.Their feathers become heavy and this make them unable to fly.This may lead to death as they cannot forage anymore.Other than that, oil will form a thick sludge on the surface of water as it is insoluble.The layer of oil prevent oxygen from penetrating into the water.This may suffocate aquatic animals.

Other than that, phenomenon of algae blooms also brings dangers.When fertilizers run-off into water, the nutrient level rises.As a result,algae grow and reproduce rapidly.Algae use up all oxygen in water and blocked sunlight from penetrating into water.Thus, marine animals get suffocated and marine plants cannot undergo photosynthesis.Besides, algae produce several toxins that are harmful to many forms of life, such as, pliesteria and dinoflagellate .Pliesteria injure fish's skin while dinoflagellate killed mussels.Meanwhile, toxin from diatom species will accumulate in the tissues of shellfish.When people, sea mammals or seabirds it the shellfish, they may ingest the toxins as well.Thus, their health may be endangered.

People do not realise that they may kill other living things if they throw rubbishes into the seas.Once, a sea turtle ate a plastic bag because it believe it to be jellyfish.The plastic bag caused intestinal blockage and the turtle finally dead.The turtle is one of thousand innocent aquatic animals that got killed by water pollution.

Beside endangering living things, water pollution may affect economy as well.According to Cornell University's in 1999, United States spent 123 billion dollar to destroy many alien invaders that came from eutrophication.These alien species including alien algae reduced fish stocks.Alien jellyfish reduced fish stocks by 90% after arriving in ballast water in San Francisco.Other than that when rivers and beaches in our country are polluted with rubbishes and dirt,it will not be attractive anymore.No tourist wants to visit dirty beaches.As a result,the number of foreign and local tourists will decrease.The owner of hotels and resorts will face a great loss.The traders of food and souvenirs will have less customer and less profit.Besides,there will be lesser flow of foreign currencies into our country,so our economy will be affected.

Fortunately, there are many steps that should be taken to control the water pollution. Firstly, water treatment plants and septic tanks can be used to treat sewage. Other than that, excessive nitrate in soil can be leached through denitrification process. Last but not least, ozone generator is used to break down pollutant in water source. In conclusion, human being should appreciate water and take great care of it before it is too late.

link for this project:
http://bcn.boulder.co.us/basin/waterworks/lust.html
http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/
http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/eutrophication.html

COINCIDENCE...

COINCIDENCES make your life interesting.Have you ever meet any coincidence in your life?Just imagine if you are in situations below:

SITUATION 1:

Your wallet is stolen after you have lunch at Mak Cik Cafetaria.Your friends asks you to pay your debts.You tell him that your wallet has been stolen and you have no money at all, but he refuse to accept your excuse.Out of the blue, your lecturer asks you to buy a lot of books.At night, all of your friends go out for dinner while you are starving in your room.You cry and fall a sleep in hunger.Suddenly, your phone ringing. Your old friend calls you and tell you that he will come to your room to pay his old debt to you at that night.You feel so happy and jump joyfully.You feel that you are so lucky on that day.


SITUATION 2:

You and your friends go to Jordan for a holiday. All of you take a cab to a hotel nearby.All of you put all your luggages in the cab.Before anyone of you get into the cab, the cab move and speed off.There are nothing left with you.You want to seek help from people around you but you could not speak neither in English nor Arabic.You and your friends try to find a police station but fail.All of you are tired of walking and sit on the roadside.It is already dark.Suddenly, a nice uncle comes and asks, "What are you doing here in the middle of night?".You tell him the truth.Unexpectedly, he invites all of you to come and have dinner at his house.After dinner, the old man offers you and your friends to sleep there.You refuse because he has a daughter.You feel that it is not nice to be there.You tell him that all of you are planning to stay at hotel or motel.The nice uncle then brings you to a five-star hotel.You feel so worry because your money is not enough to pay for the rent.The uncle laughs and says "I'm the owner of this hotel.You and your friends can stay here as long as you want".You and your friends are shock and happy.

INTERESTING,isn't it?


If you are in both situations,you may think that it is just a coincidence.Good coincidence.Maybe you feel that the day is your lucky day.But, you do not realise that nothing will happen without Allah's will.There is no such 'coincidence' in real life.Everything happens for a reason.ALLAH knows when you NEED something.ALLAH knows WHEN TO HELP you.ALLAH knows WHAT KIND OF HELP that you need.Unfortunately, you never say ALHAMDULILLAH or being thankful to ALLAH even once.How UNGRATEFUL are you!

Just imagine if ALLAH no longer wants to help us anymore........
Who WOULD help you??
Who COULD help you??
THINK about it.....

nature

Water covers over 70% of the earth's surface and it is a very important resource for people and the environment. Coincidentally, 70% of human body also made up of water. These show the importance of water in life. Unfortunately, this valuable gift has been polluted by human being. There are many causes of water pollution that need to be prevented. According to a research, 80% of pollutants in seas and oceans come from land-based activities. Excessive pesticides that flown into rivers can damage DNA and may lead to infant mortality. A part from that, industrial waste also contributes to this problem. The waste damage the health of aquatic animals and those who eat them. Furthermore, oil spill from ships' tanks worsen the situation. As a result, seabirds may get covered in the oil, then they cannot fly and sometimes, dead.Beside marine dumping, domestic waste from hotel often being channeled into seas. Polluted drinking water sourced from the seas can cause infectious diseases that may infect aquatic and terrestrial life. The diseases include cholera, typhoid, diarrhea, immune suppression,reproductive failure, and acute poisoning. Fortunately, there are many steps that should be taken to control the water pollution. Firstly, water treatment plants and septic tanks can be used to treat sewage. Other than that, excessive nitrate in soil can be leached through denitrification process. Last but not least, ozone generator is used to break down pollutant in water source. In conclusion, human being should appreciate water and take great care of it before it is too late.

http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/

task 1

The line graph analyses the changes pattern of domestic access to modern technology in homes in UK.The graph shows the percentages of the uses of CD player,mobile phone,home computer and internet access in in year 1996 to 2003.
Obviously,CD player has remained as the most popular device in UK which rising gradually from 60% in year 1996/97 to about 83% in 2002/03. Instead,the least popular one was internet access.It had been available since 1998 with 10% of users and then kept expanding to nearly 50% in year 2002/03.
Another change that could be seen was mobile phone ownership.In 1996/97,mobile phone is the least popular device at that time.However, it increase dramatically and fluctuated, finally ended up at 70% in 2002/03.Eventhough it increased rapidly, home computer overtook as the second most popular device.
It is noticable that the percentage terms of CD player is higher than mobile phone, home computer and internet access because CD player has no limits and available almost everywhere.